Western civilization is facing a progressive
increase in immune-mediated, gut-related health problems, such
as allergies and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, and
genetic factors are an unlikely explanation for these rapid
increases in disease incidence. Two environmental factors that
relate to the modern lifestyle in Western societies are hygiene
and nutrition. There has been a decline in the incidence of microbial
stimulation by infectious diseases as a result of improved
hygiene, vaccination, and antimicrobial medication. In the past,
methods of food preservation involved either the natural fermentation
or drying of foods; thus, the human diet once contained
several thousand times more bacteria than it does today. The
development of probiotic, functional foods aims to “kill two
birds with one stone,” which is accomplished by providing a
microbial stimulus to the host immune system by means of beneficial
live microorganism cultures that are characteristic of the
healthy, human gut microflora, ie, probiotics. Probiotic bacteria
were shown to reinforce the different lines of gut defense, which
are immune exclusion, immune elimination, and immune regulation.
They were also shown to stimulate nonspecific host resistance
to microbial pathogens, thereby aiding in pathogen eradication.
Consequently, the best documented clinical application of probiotics
is in the treatment of acute diarrhea. In humans, documented
effects were reported for the alleviation of intestinal
inflammation, normalization of gut mucosal dysfunction, and
down-regulation of hypersensitivity reactions. These data show
that probiotics promote endogenous host defense mechanisms.
Thus, modification of gut microflora by probiotic therapy may
offer a therapeutic potential in clinical conditions associated
with gut-barrier dysfunction and inflammatory response.
存档附件原文地址
原文发布时间:2016/6/14
引用本文:
Erika Isolauri.Probiotics in human disease.http://hftc.firstlight.cn/View.aspx?infoid=3644303&cb=Z09890000000.
发布时间:2016/6/14.检索时间:2024/12/13