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The Circulation of the World Ocean：A Numerical Study. Part I, A Homogeneous Model
World Ocean Homogeneous Model
2009/4/3
Calculations are carried out for a homogeneous model of the World Ocean. Solutions for the large-scale, wind-driven circulation are obtained by numerical integration with respect to time of a numerica...
A Numerical Model for Circulation in a Homogeneous World Ocean
Circulation Homogeneous World Ocean
2009/4/3
The results for two steady-state models of the world's ocean circulation are presented. The first model is of a homogeneous constant depth ocean with natural coastline geography. The second model, in ...
Normal Modes of the World Ocean. Part I. Design of a Finite-Element Barotropic Model
Normal Modes World Ocean Finite-Element Barotropic Model
2009/2/23
The linearized primitive equations for a barotropic world ocean are discretized by means of first-order, piecewise-linear finite elements. Surface elevation and Stokes/Helmholtz velocity potentials ar...
Normal Modes of the World Ocean. Part II：Description of Modes in the Period Range 8 to 80 Hours
World Ocean Period Range 8 80 Hours
2009/2/9
We have calculated normal modes with period between 8 and 80 h for a domain consisting of the Arctic, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. In this period range the numerical model has 56 modes, of whi...
Normal Monthly Wind Stress Over the World Ocean with Error Estimates
Monthly Wind Stress World Ocean Error Estimates
2009/2/5
Over 35 million surface observations covering the world ocean from 1870–1976 have been processed for the purpose of calculating monthly normals and standard errors of the eastward and northward compon...
Normal Modes of the World Ocean. Part IV：Synthesis of Diurnal and Semidiurnal Tides
World Ocean Semidiurnal Tides Diurnal Tides
2009/1/21
Diurnal and semidiurnal tides of second and third degree are synthesized from 60 normal modes with period in the range 8 to 96 h. Diurnal tides, especially those of second degree, can be represented b...
Normal Modes of the World Ocean. Part III：A Procedure for Tidal Synthesis
World Ocean Procedure Tidal Synthesis
2009/1/21
In preceding parts of this study a set of normal modes was constructed as a basis for synthesizing diurnal and semidiurnal solutions of Laplace's tidal equations. The present part describes a procedur...
Annual Cycle of Temperature and Heat Storage in the World Ocean
Annual Cycle Temperature Heat Storage
2009/1/20
The annual cycle of temperature and heat storage for the world ocean and individual ocean basins is described based on climatological monthly-mean temperature fields. One well-known feature observed i...
Annual Cycle of Salinity and Salt Storage in the World Ocean
Annual Cycle Salinity Salt Storage World Ocean
2009/1/10
The annual cycle of salinity in the upper 500 m of the world ocean is described, based on climatological seasonal salinity analyses presented in a previous study. The annual cycle is examined using zo...
Meridional Ekman Heat Fluxes for the World Ocean and Individual Ocean Basins
Heat Fluxes Individual Ocean Basins World Ocean
2009/1/8
Monthly climatological estimates of wind stress and sea surface temperature are used to compute meridional Ekman heat fluxes in the world ocean. Qualitatively the annual cycles of the Atlantic and Pac...
Rate of Change of Heat Storage of the World Ocean
Heat Storage World Ocean global geographical characteristics
2009/1/7
Results or a Fourier analysis of climatological fields of the monthly rate of change of heat storage for the world ocean are presented. The amplitude and Phase of the first harmonic are shown, as well...
A Comparison of the Annual Cycle of Two Sea Surface Temperature Climatologies of the World Ocean
Annual Cycle World Ocean Two Sea Surface Temperature Climatologies
2009/1/7
A comparison of the annual cycle of two monthly sea surface temperature climatologies for the world ocean is presented. One set of the climatological fields used consist of one-degree objectively anal...
Ekman Volume Fluxes for the World Ocean and Individual Ocean Basins
Ekman Volume Fluxes World Ocean Individual Ocean Basins
2009/1/5
Monthly climatological estimates of wind stress have been used to compute Ekman volume fluxes in the world ocean. Specifically, meridional and zonal Ekman volume fluxes have been computed and from the...
An Idealized Model of the World Ocean. Part I：The Global-Scale Water Masses
Idealized Model World Ocean Global-Scale Water Masses
2009/1/5
A primitive equation, three-dimensional numerical model of the ocean, employing idealized versions of the real topography and surface boundary conditions, is used to study the water mass structure of ...
Sensitivity of a World Ocean GCM to Changes in Subsurface Mixing Parameterization
World Ocean GCM subgrid-scale mixing Subsurface Mixing Parameterization
2008/12/16
The sensitivity of a coarse-resolution model of the World Ocean to parameterization of subgrid-scale mixing is examined. The model is based on the GFDL code. Results are presented from a series of mod...